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September 1 - 10

 

Racine has 12 hours and 44 minutes of daylight and Superior has 12 hours and 50 minutes of daylight at the end of the period. Southern Wisconsin loses 28 minutes of daylight and northern Wisconsin has 33 minutes less than the previous period. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fall bird migration: Early September is peak warbler migration for Wisconsin, even though some species have mostly departed from the state. Finding a Yellow Warbler in September is a rare even indeed. The day following a cold front - when the winds switch to the northwest - can be outstanding for view migrating warblers and other migrants.  Areas protected from the cold winds, especially on edges of wetlands can be very productive.  In fall, these areas harbor many more bugs and fruits, than the interior of forests and the birds will gravitate to the food.

 

When a naturalists look at the full breadth of the fall migration, they must be impressed by the protracted nature of this annual event. The first fall migrants appear in late June and the last migrants linger until early January.  However, for each neo-tropical migrant species the event usually last for about 2 months from the first migrant of a species and the last one to leave.

 

Many persons surmise October is the peak for fall migrant birds. Bracing cold can follow the cold fronts in October, whereas a cold front in late August is barely noticeable. In most circumstances, the August front will have many times more birds than a similar event in October. The reason observers make the connection is due to the fact the October migrants are either day time fliers, such as ducks, geese and hawks, or they are seed eaters, which usually makes them more observable. By October, the birds that eat insects are mostly gone. The following table highlights the species reaching their peak migration numbers during this period.

 

Table1: Phenology Average Departure Dates for Selected Species

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Early September floral and fruiting peaks: Peak blooming is most predominant in open wet areas, such as prairies, sedge meadows, and fens. Although, forest areas are showing well with goldenrods and aster coloring the forest floor both north and south. Early September blooming plant and fruiting observation is best accomplished by visiting these habitats.  Several earlier blooming species are setting fruits in Early September.

 

Table 1. Native Wildflowers with peak blooming/fruiting times September 1-10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ginseng: High prices paid for dried ginseng root – the prices vary annually and have ranged as high as $1000 per pound – has resulted in this species becoming quite rare in Wisconsin’s woodlands. The species grows in rich deciduous woods and blooms in June.  By early September the plants fruits ripen turning from green to a bright red. Some collectors know how to sustain populations over time. Carefully planting the red berries in the same general area and coming back several years later to repeat the process can sustain ginseng in near perpetuity.  Unfortunately, many harvesters are after the quick buck and either dig the roots when the berries are green or leave the ripen berries on the surface to be consumed by chipmunks.

 

Smooth green snakes: Green snake or sometimes called grass snakes are an emerald green color. They inhabit green grassy areas where they are near invisible during most of the year. Their preferred habitat is prairies, oak savannas and barrens, pine barrens and the edges of dry forests.  September is a good time to observe this cryptic species. During warm late summer or early fall rains, they can be seen crossing roads adjacent to their preferred habitat. Naturalists should look for these species from now through early October as they migrate to their hibernating sites.

 

Paper wasps: Paper wasps chew pieces of plant cellulose and mix them with saliva to produce a paper-like substance. The queen starts the nest early in the year and cares for the first brood of workers. Thereafter, the workers keep foraging for insects and pollen, feed the egg-laying queen and continue to build the nest. The paper nest can reach 18 inches in diameter and is placed in the trees or shrubs. In late summer, the population reaches its largest size. After mating with males, new queens put on a little fat, burrow into the ground to overwinter. The workers will stay with the nest until very hard frost in late fall.

 

Tidbits:

  • The bird’s-nest fungi are curious-looking and easy to identify. They are found on sticks and woody debris.  Look for dime-sized cups with little eggs inside. The spores develop inside these little eggs and they are dispersed when a drop od rain “splashes” them out of their cups.

  • Lepidopterans reaching peak numbers include:

  • Leonard’s skipper is a skipper found on native prairies and old fields with bluestem.

  • Ruby tiger moth is found in wet meadows, where its several host plants grow.  

  • Aricgera flower moth is identified by its yellow and black hindwings and can be found anywhere asters grow.

  • Sordid underwing is a species of barrens and pine forests that feeds on blueberries.

  • Occasionally in barrens areas, backwimmers can be seen or felt as they crash into you. This time of year, they embark on flights to find new habitat. This aquatic species can be found well away from water and seemingly hostile territory.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Species

First  migrants

Peak Migration

Early August

Least Bittern

American Bittern

King Rail

Piping Plover

Upland Sandpiper

Hudsonian Godwit

Marbled Godwit

Wilson's Phalarope

Little Gull

Laughing Gull

Caspian Tern

Black Tern

Forster's Tern

Yellow-billed Cuckoo

Black-billed Cuckoo

Whip-poor-will

Acadian Flycatcher

Alder Flycatcher

Willow Flycatcher

Bell's Vireo

Rough-winged Swallow

Purple Martin

Bank Swallow

Sedge Wren

Marsh Wren

Louisiana Waterthrush

Yellow Warbler

Chipping Sparrow

Lark Sparrow

Grasshopper Sparrow

Henslow's Sparrow

Indigo Bunting

Dickcissel

Orchard Oriole

Mid-August

Wood Duck

Blue-winged Teal

White Pelican

Great Blue Heron

Great Egret

Green Heron

Black-crowned Night-Heron

Osprey

Virginia Rail

Common Gallinule

Sandhill Crane

Whooping Crane

Black-necked Stilt

American Avocet

Killdeer

Spotted Sandpiper

Solitary Sandpiper

Greater Yellowlegs

Willet

Lesser Yellowlegs

Stilt Sandpiper

Least Sandpiper

Pectoral Sandpiper

Semipalmated Sandpiper

Short-billed Dowitcher

Red-necked Phalarope

Barn Swallow

Cliff Swallow

Prothonotary Warbler

Yellow-headed Blackbird

Baltimore Oriole

Late August

Snowy Egret

Semipalmated Plover

Whimbrel

Baird's Sandpiper

White-rumped Sandpiper

Buff-breasted Sandpiper

Common Nighthawk

Chimney Swift

Olive-sided Flycatcher

Eastern Wood-Pewee

Yellow-bellied Flycatcher

Great crested Flycatcher

Eastern Kingbird

Tree Swallow

House Wren

Carolina Wren

Blue Gray Gnatcatcher

Cedar Waxwing

Mourning Warbler

Cerulean Warbler

Canada Warbler

Bobolink

Early September

Red-shouldered Hawk

Yellow Rail

Western Sandpiper

Ruby-throated Hummingbird

Red-headed Woodpecker

Least Flycatcher

White-eyed Vireo

Yellow-headed Vireo

Warbling Vireo

Philadelphia Vireo

Red-eyed Vireo

Veery

Swainson's Thrush

Wood Thrush

Gray Catbird

Northern Mockingbird

Ovenbird

Northern Waterthrush

Blue-winged Warbler

Golden-winged Warbler

Black and White Warbler

Tennessee Warbler

Nashville Warbler

Connecticut Warbler

Common Yellowthroat

American Redstart

Cape May Warbler

Nothern Parula

Magnolia Warbler

Bay-breasted Warbler

Blackburnian Warbler

Chestnut-sided Warbler

Pine Warbler

Wilson's Warbler

Scarlet Tanager

Rose-breasted Grosbeak

Mid-September

Northern Pintail

Western Grebe

Double-crested Cormorant

Turkey Vulture

Bald Eagle

Broad-winged Hawk

American Golden Plover

Ruddy Turnstone

Sanderling

Parasitic Jaeger

Long-tailed Jaeger

Bonaparte's Gull

Franklin's Gull

Lesser black-backed Gull

Common Tern

Northern Flicker

Merlin

Blue Jay

Gray-cheeked Thrush

Brown Thrasher

Kentucky Warbler

Blackpoll Warbler

Black-throated Blue Warbler

Black-throated Green Warbler

Late September

Breeds

Breeds

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July Migrant

July Migrant

Breeds

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Summers

Breeds

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August 1 - 10

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Breeds

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July Migrant

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July Migrant

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July Migrant

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July Migrant

Breeds

Breeds

Breeds

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Breeds

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August 1 - 10

Breeds

Breeds

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Breeds

Breeds

Wanderer

Breeds

Breeds

Breeds

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July Migrant

Breeds

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August 1- 10

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August 10 - 20

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July Migrant

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July Migrant

July Migrant

July Migrant

August 10 - 20

August 20 - 31

July Migrant

July Migrant

July Migrant

July Migrant

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August 20 - 31

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August 10 - 20

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August 10 - 20

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August 20 - 31

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Sept 1 - 10

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Nov 20 - 30

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Oct 10 - 20

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 10 - 20

Oct 10 - 20

Nov 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

Nov 1 - 10

Oct 20 - 30

Nov 10 - 20

Nov 20 - 30

Oct 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 10 - 20

Oct 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

Sept 1 - 10

Nov 1 - 10

Sept 10 - 20

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 10 - 20

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

Sept 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

Sept 20 - 30

Nov 1 - 10

Oct 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Sept 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

Nov 20 - 30

Sept 10 – 20

Oct 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

Nov 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

Sept 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

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Oct 10 - 20

Oct 10 - 20

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 10 - 20

Oct 10 - 20

Oct 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Oct 10 - 20

Oct 10 - 20

Sept 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 20 - 30

Oct 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 20 - 30

Oct 10 - 20

Nov 1 - 10

Oct 20 - 30

Oct 10 - 20

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 10 - 20

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

Sharp-shinned Hawk

Cooper's Hawk

Black-bellied Plover

Pomarine Jaeger

Sabine's Gull

Yellow-bellied Sapsucker

Peregrine Falcon

Eastern Phoebe

Blue-headed Vireo

American Pipit

Lapland Longspur

Smith's Longspur

Hooded Warbler

Clay-colored Sparrow

Vesper Sparrow

Savannah Sparrow

Harris's Sparrow

Early October

Pied-billed Grebe

Wilson's Snipe

American Woodcock

Brown Creeper

Winter Wren

Golden-crowned Kinglet

Ruby-crowned Kinglet

Eastern Bluebird

Hermit Thrush

American Robin

Orange-crowned Warbler

Palm Warbler

Yellow-rumped Warbler

Eastern Towhee

Field Sparrow

LeConte's Sparrow

Nelson's Sparrow

Song Sparrow

Lincoln's Sparrow

Swamp Sparrow

White-throated Sparrow

White-crowned Sparrow

Western Meadowlark

Eastern Meadowlark

Brewer's Blackbird

Brown-headed Cowbird

Mid-October

Ross's Goose

Cackling Goose

American Wigeon

Northern Harrier

Long-billed Dowitcher

California Gull

Saw-whet Owl

Dark-eyed Junco

Red-winged Blackbird

Rusty Blackbird

Common Grackle

Purple Finch

Late October

Snow Goose

Brant

Gadwall

Mallard

Northern Shoveller

Green-winged Teal

Redhead

Ring-necked Duck

Lesser Scaup

Ruddy Duck

American Coot

Dunlin

Ring-billed Gull

Rufous Hummingbird

Scissor-tailed Flycatcher

Early November

Tundra Swan

American Black Duck

Canvasback

Greater Scaup

Surf Scoter

White-winged Scoter

Black Scoter

Long-tailed Duck

Hooded Merganser

Common Loon

Horned Grebe

Red-necked Grebe

Eared Grebe

Golden Eagle

Red-tailed Hawk

Purple Sandpiper

Red Phalarope

Black-legged Kittiwake

Herring Gull

Long-eared Owl

Snow Bunting

American Tree Sparrow

Mid-November

Harlequin Duck

Bufflehead

Barrow's Goldeneye

Red-breasted Merganser

Red-throated Loon

Pacific Loon

Northern Goshawk

Iceland Gull

Great Black-backed Gull

Northern Shrike

Bohemian Waxwing

Pine Grosbeak

Red Crossbill

White-winged Crossbill

Common Redpoll

Evening Grosbeak

Late November

Common Goldeneye

Common Merganser

Rough-legged Hawk

Mew Gull

Thayer's Gull

Glaucous Gull

Snowy Owl

Short-eared Owl

Gyrfalcon

Townsend's Solitaire

Varied Thrush

Pine Siskin

Breeds

Breeds

July Migrant

Sept 1 - 10

August 20 - 31

Breeds

Breeds

Breeds

Breeds

Sept 1 - 10

Sept 1 - 10

Sept 20 - 30

Breeds

Breeds

Breeds

Breeds

Sept 10 - 20

Breeds

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Sept 10 - 20

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Breeds

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Sept 10 - 20

Breeds

Breeds

Breeds

Breeds

Sept 1 - 10

Sept 1 - 10

Breeds

Breeds

July Migrant

Oct 1 - 10

Breeds

Breeds

Breeds

Sept 1 - 10

Breeds

Breeds

Sept 20 - 30

Sept 20 - 30

Sept 20 - 30

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Oct 1 - 10

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Nov 20 - 30

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Nov 10 - 20

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Nov 20 - 30

Nov 1 - 10

Oct 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 10 - 20

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 10 - 20

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 10 - 20

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

August 10 - 20

Oct 10 - 20

Breeds

Breeds

Breeds

Breeds

Breeds

Breeds

July Migrant

Breeds

Breeds

July Migrant

Breeds

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 20 - 31

Oct 20 - 31

Oct 20 - 31

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Oct 20 - 31

Oct 20 - 31

Oct 20 - 31

Oct 20 - 31

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Sept 10 - 20

Breeds

Breeds

July Migrant

Sept 1 - 10

Sept 1 - 10

Sept 1 - 10

Sept 10 - 20

Breeds

Breeds

August 1 - 10

Breeds

Breeds

Sept 1 - 10

Breeds

Oct 20 - 31

Oct 10 - 20

Oct 20 - 31

Breeds

Breeds

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

Nov 10 - 20

Breeds

Oct 20 - 31

Breeds

Aug 20 - 31

Sept 1 - 10

Breeds

Oct 10 - 20

July Migrant

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 20 - 31

Oct 20 - 31

July Migrant

Oct 10 - 20

Oct 10 - 20

Breeds

Breeds

Breeds

Sept 20 - 30

Oct 20 - 31

Sept 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

Nov 1 - 10

Breeds

Nov 10 - 20

Oct 1 - 10

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Breeds

Nov 1 - 10

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Late Migrants

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 10 - 20

Sept 20 - 30

Sept 10 - 20

Sept 20 - 30

Nov 1 - 10

Oct 10 - 20

Oct 10 - 20

Nov 20 - 30

Sept 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

Sept 1 - 10

Oct 10 - 20

Oct 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

Sept 20 - 30

Sept 20 - 30

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Oct 1 - 10

Nov 1 - 10

Sept 20 - 30

Oct 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Sept 10 - 20

Oct 1 - 10

Nov 1 - 10

Sept 20 - 30

Oct 10 - 20

Oct 20 - 30

Oct 1 - 10

Oct 1 - 10

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Nov 20 - 30

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Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 1 - 10

Nov 10 - 20

Nov 1 - 10

Oct 20 - 30

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Nov 1 - 10

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Nov 20 - 30

Oct 10 - 20

Nov 1 - 10

Sept 20 - 30

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Common Name

Red & white baneberries (fruit)

Ginseng (fruit)

Wild grapes (fruit)

Ground cherries (fruit)

Virginia creeper (fruit)

Solomon's-seal (berries)

Thimbleweed (seeds)

Mountain ash (fruit)

Elderberry

Red-osier dogwood (fruit)

Bottle gentian

Sky-blue aster

Dune goldenrod

Elm-leaved goldenrod

Stiff goldenrod

Beggar's-tick

Stiff gentian

False dragonhead

Wormwood

Saw-tooth sunflower

Zig-zag goldenrod

Bladdernut (pods)

Habitat

Moist woods

Moist woods

Floodplains and edges

Dry to mesic prairies

Dry to wet forests

Dry to wet forests

Dry to mesic prairies

Boreal forest

Wet meadows

Wet meadows, moist old fields

Wet meadows, moist old fields

Dry to mesic prairies

Lake michigan dunes

Dry woods & savannas

Dry to mesic prairies

Wet meadows and muddy shores

Dry prairies

Floodplain forest

Sand prairies and barrens

Wet meadows

Moist woods

Riverbanks and floodplains

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